Cellular Network Not Available for Voice Calls On Vivo Y100t

The “Cellular Network Not Available for Voice Calls“ error is a common experience for many Android users. In our contemporary world, communication stands as the fundamental pillar of our existence. Yet, the malfunctioning of our devices hinders this connectivity. It often gives rise to numerous complications. Fortunately, your concerns are now a thing of the past.

This article serves as your guide for troubleshooting and overcoming this frustrating dilemma. It has compiled expert perspectives, valuable tips, and detailed, systematic solutions. The article will go through the underlying causes behind this issue and explore potential fixes. By the conclusion of this article, you’ll be armed with the necessary knowledge to tackle this problem.

Part 1. Preliminary Reasons For Cellular Network Not Available For Voice Calls

Facing the “Cellular Network Not Available for Voice Calls Android“ error can be overwhelming. Thus, it becomes evident that specific reasons underlie this issue. Solutions indeed exist to tackle this problem. Yet, comprehending the underlying reasons is equally crucial to resolve the issue:

PDF application, powered by AI-based OCR, for unified workflows with both digital and scanned documents.

1. Internet Access

One primary reason behind cellular network unavailability glitches lies in unstable internet access. Voice calls over cellular networks often require a stable internet connection. When this connection fluctuates or drops, it can result in the dreaded error message.

2. Terrain Coverage

Another contributing factor is the geographical terrain. In remote or sparsely populated areas, cellular tower coverage might be limited. It causes a signal disturbance or complete loss of the network.

3. Network Congestion

During peak usage hours or in densely populated areas, network congestion can also be a cause. It leads to temporary unavailability of the cellular network for voice calls. When the network is overloaded with traffic, it might struggle to accommodate more voice calls. That results in connectivity issues.

4. Technical Glitches

Furthermore, technical glitches within the Vivo Y100t device or network infrastructure can cause this issue. These glitches could range from software bugs to hardware malfunctions.

5. Battery or Power Issues

In some instances, insufficient battery power or power-saving modes on devices can cause this issue. They affect the Vivo Y100t device’s capacity to sustain a consistent connection with the cellular network. This consequently causes voice call unavailability.

Part 2. Prominent Solutions For Cellular Network Not Available For Voice Calls Android

A myriad of purposeful solutions exists to resolve the TracFone cellular network not available for voice calls issue. These solutions are specifically designed to address various underlying causes. The aim of these solutions is to restore smooth connectivity for voice calls. Described below are the top 8 solutions to fix the “Cellular Network Not Available” error:

Solution 1. Check the Availability of Cellular Networks

Before diving into complex fixes, the first thing to do is to check if nearby cell networks are available and how strong their signals are. It is an essential step when trying to fix the “Cellular Network Not Available“ error. This basic check ensures your phone is close enough to a working network tower, which matters for staying connected. It allows you to find out the availability of nearby cellular networks.

Moreover, with it, you can ensure your device is connected to a reliable network. This preliminary check sets the foundation for further troubleshooting.

Solution 2. Check the Airplane Mode of the Smartphone

Another crucial step in resolving this error involves ensuring that the Airplane Mode is disabled. This mode, when activated, disables all wireless connections. It also includes cellular networks, which could lead to connectivity issues. Follow these simple steps to check and disable Airplane Mode on your device:

Instructions: Swipe down on your phone’s screen from the top to access the Notification Panel, unveiling the Quick Settings tiles. Search for the airplane-shaped icon; if Airplane Mode is active, the icon will be highlighted or shown in a distinct color. Tap the Airplane Mode to turn off the Airplane Mode on your Android.

Solution 3. Selecting the Network Operator of the Vivo Y100t device

In certain instances, manually selecting your network operator can help. It effectively resolves the “Cellular Network Not Available for Voice Calls Android“ error on your Vivo Y100t. By choosing the network operator manually, you ensure a deliberate connection to a specific carrier. This potentially bypasses issues related to automatic network selection. Follow these steps to select your network operator manually:

• Step 1. Access “Settings” on your Vivo Y100t, then tap on “Connections.” From there, navigate to “Mobile Networks” and proceed by selecting “Network Operators.”

• Step 2. Look for the “Automatically Select” toggle, which will be turned on. Toggle it off to see available networks and choose the one best suited to your device.

Solution 4. Restart Your Device

Sometimes, resolving the “Cellular Network Not Available for Voice Calls“ error on your Vivo Y100t can be as simple as performing a restart. This basic troubleshooting step helps refresh the Vivo Y100t device’s software. It clears temporary glitches and reestablishes essential connections, potentially resolving network-related issues. Follow these straightforward steps to restart your Vivo Y100t:

Instructions: Hold down the “Power” button until the Power menu emerges on the display. From there, select “Restart” to initiate the Vivo Y100t device’s reboot process.

Solution 5. Enable Roaming Settings

There are situations where you’re in an area with weak or no coverage from your primary network provider. In such a case, enabling roaming settings on your Vivo Y100t can sometimes resolve the issue at hand. Enabling roaming allows your device to connect to partner networks. This extends your coverage beyond your home network’s reach. Follow these steps to enable roaming settings on your Vivo Y100t:

• Step 1. Start by accessing your device’s Settings and tapping the “Connections” option. Here, scroll downward to press “Mobile Networks.”

• Step 2. Presently, you will encounter the “Data Roaming” option. Toggle this option on to enable data roaming on your device and resolve the issue.

Home Use license is dedicated for personal, non-commercial use only.
If Action! is used for commercial gain or to further any commercial purpose,
a Commercial Use license is required. Multi-license (volume discount) is intended for single

company, user or members of the same household. Action! - screen and game recorder</a>

Solution 6. Update Android Smartphone

Updating your Vivo Y100t’s OS to the latest version can often resolve performance issues. It can also fix network connectivity issues, including the “Cellular Network Not Available” error. Manufacturers regularly release system updates containing bug fixes and security patches. It also includes enhancements that can address underlying software-related problems. Follow these steps to update your Android smartphone:

• Step 1. In your device’s Settings, scroll through to find the “Software Update” option. Select it, and on the subsequent screen, verify the availability of any updates.

• Step 2. If an update is accessible, select the ‘Download and Install’ choice. Then, proceed by following the prompts displayed on the screen to finalize the process.

Solution 7. Performing Factory Reset

Performing a factory reset is a drastic but effective measure. It can resolve persistent software-related issues, including the “Cellular Network Not Available” error. Be aware that initiating a factory reset results in the deletion of all data and settings stored on your device. Hence, it is crucial to back up any vital information before proceeding with this action. Here is how to fix the Verizon cellular network not available for voice calls:

• Step 1. To access your device’s “General Management” section, navigate through Settings. There, tap on “Reset,” and select “Factory Data Reset” from the subsequent screen.

• Step 2. You will need to tap “Reset” to confirm your choice. Then, follow the on-screen guidelines carefully to complete the reset process.

Solution 8. Contact Carrier Provider

If you’ve exhausted all options and the issue persists, reaching out to your carrier provider for assistance is a viable solution. Carrier providers can offer specific insights and guidance regarding network-related issues. When connected to customer service, explain the issue you’re experiencing in detail. Contacting your carrier provider enables you to tap into their expertise and resources.

You May Also Like:

Top 5 DFU Tools for iPhone to Enter DFU Mode

9 Ways to Fix iPhone Error 4013 or iTunes Error 4013

Vivo Y100t ROM Download & Install: The Definitive Guide

Part 3. [100% Resolvable] Resolve Cellular Network Not Available For Calls Issues

Despite all your attempts, the cellular network not available for voice calls remains unresolved. It might state a more complex software-related issue or glitch within the Vivo Y100t device. However, there’s a solution designed explicitly for addressing such complex issues. That software is Wondershare Dr.Fone, a comprehensive toolkit for Android devices. It stands out as the world’s first one-click Android repair tool.

Dr.Fone specializes in resolving a wide array of Android system issues, including the notorious black screen of death. With this tool, users can effortlessly restore their Android system to normal functionality.

Key Features of Wondershare Dr.Fone

1. Fone’s advanced repairing mechanism has the ability to repair even the bricked Android devices.
2. This tool supports more than 1000 models of Android devices across different brands for system repair.
3. It boasts the highest success rate when it comes to fixing Android devices.

Dr.Fone - System Repair (Android)

Repair Android System Errors without Any Trouble.

• Fix your Android to normal, no skills required.
• Fix various Android system issues, stuck in boot loop , black screen , or won’t turn on , looping on start, etc.
• The high success rate in resolving Android system issues.
• Compatible with a wide range of Android devices and OS versions
• User-friendly interface with easy-to-follow steps.

3981454 people have downloaded it

Steps Needed To Fix the Cellular Network Not Available for Calls Issue via Wondershare Dr.Fone

The following are the steps to resolve the Tracfone cellular network not available for voice calls using Wondershare Dr.Fone:

• Step 1. Open Wondershare Dr.Fone and Opt for System Repair

Launch the software. Then, navigate to the “Toolbox” section located in the left panel. Connect your Vivo Y100t and proceed by choosing “System Repair.” Then, opt for “Android” to specify the Vivo Y100t device type. On the subsequent screen, click “Start” to commence the repair procedure.

• Step 2. Provide Details of Your Android Device

The system automatically identifies the brand of the Android device undergoing repair. Afterward, choose the “Name,” “Model,” “Country,” and “Carrier” from the provided list options. If the Vivo Y100t device is already unlocked, you can choose OPEN in the Carrier section. Then, confirm by checking the warning box indicating agreement and readiness to proceed. Click on “Next” to initiate the repair process for your Vivo Y100t.

• Step 3. Complete the Android Repair Process Successfully

Follow the guidance displayed on your device’s screen to access Download Mode. Once in, the firmware download begins automatically. During this process, the platform verifies and presents the firmware details. Select “Fix Now” to proceed with the installation of the firmware onto your Vivo Y100t. Since Android repair will result in the deletion of all data, input “000000” to confirm. This action initiates the system repair process.

safe & secure

3,336,459 people have downloaded it

Conclusion

In conclusion, facing the “Cellular Network Not Available for Voice Calls“ problem on your Vivo Y100t can be frustrating. This article has explored many ways to fix this issue. These include simple checks like turning off Airplane Mode to solutions like contacting your carrier. However, when facing persistent network problems, a tool like Wondershare Dr.Fone becomes the only hope.

Among the various methods discussed, Dr.Fone stands out as a top choice. Its thorough system repair function targets and removes complex software glitches. The tool’s easy interface, broad compatibility, and secure repair process make it perfect. It is ideal for users looking for a reliable solution beyond regular troubleshooting.

Nero Burning ROM:
The ultimate burning program for all your needs!

Why isn’t My Vivo Y100t establishing a connection with the cellular network?

What steps can I take when the mobile network isn’t available?

What might be causing my SIM card to not display a network?

How To Restore a Bricked Vivo Y100t Back to Operation

In moments of lag or freezing on your Android, you might brick Your Vivo Y100t, which can be unsettling. This is more than just the loss of a device. A bricked cell phone also involves potential data erasure. Yet, it’s crucial to understand the true implications of a bricked phone. This page tackles how to address the issue of a bricked Android phone.

This comprehensive guide aims to the reasons behind Android phones becoming bricked. By reading below, you’ll learn effective methods to unbrick a mobile phone without the risk of data loss.

Part 1. What are Brick Phones: At a Glance

The term “bricked phone“ is used when a device becomes non-functional. This is typically due to a critical software or firmware error. There are two distinct scenarios for encountering a bricked phone: a soft brick and a hard brick.

• Soft Brick. A soft brick entails a phone that’s not operational due to software glitches or conflicts but is not irreparable.
• Hard Brick.A hard brick signifies a more dire situation. This is where the phone becomes inoperable, resembling an actual brick in terms of functionality.

The Common Causes of a Cell Phone Bricking

Below are the common causes why a cell phone bricks.

Failed Updates

When a firmware or system update fails, it can lead to a bricked phone. Updates involve intricate changes to the phone’s software. If interrupted or incompatible, the Vivo Y100t device may get stuck in a state of partial functionality. This can result in a soft brick.

Failed Flashing

Flashing involves installing custom firmware or software onto a device. If the flashing process is interrupted or if the firmware used is not compatible with the Vivo Y100t device’s hardware, it can cause a hard brick. The device’s essential software components may become corrupted, rendering the phone unusable.

Rooting

Rooting, which grants users superuser access to their device’s OS, can lead to bricking if not done right. Rooting often involves making deep system changes, and errors can disrupt the phone’s core functionality.

Installing Bad Apps

Installing malicious, incompatible, or poorly coded apps can lead to a soft brick situation. In severe cases, they can trigger a boot loop or render the phone unresponsive.

Others

Several less common factors can also contribute to bricking. Overclocking, attempting to modify the bootloader, or tampering with system files can lead to disastrous consequences. Hardware issues, such as faulty memory or battery problems, might also manifest as bricked devices.

Part 2. Unbricking Methods and Tools

Below are solutions that you can employ to fix various brick phone scenarios.

Reverting Android Device to Factory Defaults (Soft Brick)

A universal approach to trying to recover a brick phone exists for all Android phones. This is, consider restoring your device to its factory settings. You can find instructions specific to your phone model online. Although this procedure erases all your data, it’s possible to regain the use of your brick phone.

Get in Touch With the Manufacturer (Hard Brick and Soft Brick)

Normally, smartphone warranties span from 1 to 2 years. If your phone remains unrooted and falls within that coverage period, consider reaching out to the manufacturer. This direct approach could lead to your phone being repaired or replaced with a new one at no cost to you.

Kanto Player Professional

Seek Professional Assistance (Hard Brick and Soft Brick)

When your phone falls outside the warranty coverage, consider seeking help from a reputable repair shop. However, be aware that any lost data cannot be attributed to their efforts. Fortunately, you can recover lost data using reliable data recovery software once your phone is operational again.

Use a Dedicated App To Fix Bricked Mobile Phones (Hard Brick and Soft Brick)

Among the array of tools designed for unbricking and recovery, one standout is Wondershare Dr.Fone - System Repair (Android). With an exceptional recovery rate, it stands out as one of the top contenders for data retrieval. Its performance is notable when applied to modern brick phones, making it a highly effective choice for these devices.

Part 3. Unbricking Mobile Phones With Dr.Fone - System Repair (Android)

Dr.Fone - System Repair (Android) empowers you to resolve a range of prevalent Android problems. This Android repair tool eliminates the need to hunt for suitable firmware to flash your phone. By utilizing Dr.Fone – System Repair (Android), you can recover data on Your Vivo Y100t with a few clicks.

safe & secure

4,039,461 people have downloaded it

Key Features

Below are some of the standout features of Dr.Fone - System Repair (Android)

Address Android Challenges Like a Professional

From common scenarios like black screens and boot loops to even bricked Android devices, this tool has you covered. Dr.Fone has simplified the process so that anyone can fix Android problems.

Support for Over 1000 Android Models

This software is designed to fix glitches including most modern Android devices. Whether your Vivo Y100t is an unlocked variant or tied to carriers, you can restore it back to normal in just a matter of minutes.

Trial Access at No Cost

Dr.Fone - System Repair (Android) offers free access for you to test the initial steps and verify device compatibility. This cost-effective feature ensures value for money every step of the way.

Power Tools add-on for Google Sheets, 12-month subscription

Main Advantages of Using Dr.Fone – System Repair (Android)

Dr. Fone – System Repair (Android) is a great solution with numerous tools to help you manage your Vivo Y100t in various ways. Here are some of the advantages of using the app for fixing bricked phones.

• Fone – System Repair (Android) comes with a clean UI making navigation and usage easy. The user-friendly design offers a seamless experience for beginners and professionals alike.
• Utilizing the app for system repair is an effortless and speedy process. It doesn’t take up much time to revive your bricked phoneso you can use it right away.
• The System Repair toolkit only needs you to click on a few buttons. Combined with its clean UI and speedy process, using the app is a breeze.

Part 4. How To Revive a Bricked Phone Using Dr.Fone – System Repair (Android)

Below are the steps to recover data on a bricked mobile phone.

• Step 1: Download and install Dr.Fone – System Repair (Android) on your computer. Launch the app and select System Repair. Next, choose Select Android as the Vivo Y100t device type. Then, connect to your Vivo Y100t. Choose Phone Brick as the Android problem and click Start.

Allavsoft Batch Download Online Videos, Music Offline to MP4, MP3, MOV, etc format

• Step 2: Select the correct device information. Choose the Brand, Name, Model, Country, and Carrier. Tick the box next to I agree button and click Next to proceed to the next step.

• Step 3: Click on the Phone with Home button or Phone without Home button depending on your device. Follow the on-screen instructions and click Next to proceed with reviving your brick phone.

• Step 4: Once the Vivo Y100t device enters Download Mode, the firmware will automatically start downloading. Follow the on-screen prompts and wait for the system to initiate the repair process. Once it concludes, the completion message will appear on the main window. Click Done to close the tool or click Try again to repeat the process.

safe & secure

4,311,328 people have downloaded it

Conclusion

Fixing a bricked phone may seem daunting, but solutions are within reach. This page explained the distinctions between soft and hard brick scenarios. It also identified common causes and revealed effective methods for unbricking.

Among these, Dr.Fone – System Repair (Android) emerges as a dependable ally. The tool offers a comprehensive toolkit for recovery and data rescue. The power to reclaim lost data lies in your hands. Act, follow the methods outlined, and recover your brick phone.

Home Button Not Working on Vivo Y100t? Here Are Real Fixes

There is no doubt that it is quite frustrating when your device buttons, such as home and back don’t work properly. The reasons can be software as well as hardware issues. If you are wondering whether there is any solution to fix this problem, then you’ve come to the right place. Firstly, yes some methods can probably help you to come out of this issue. Here, in this guide, we have covered various solutions you can try to resolve the “home button not working Android” problem no matter whether it is due to software or hardware reason.

Part 1: 4 Common Measures to Fix Home Button Not Working Android

Here, we are going to mention four common methods that you can try to resolve the home button problem on your Vivo Y100t with ease.

1.1 One click to fix Android Home Button Not Working

When it comes to the home button not working Vivo Y100t problem, the most common reason is the unknown system issues. In such a scenario, the best solution is using Dr.Fone - System Repair (Android) software to repair your Android system to normal in one click. This tool is powerful enough to resolve various Android issues within a few minutes.

Dr.Fone - System Repair (Android)

Android repair tool to fix home button not working on Android

• The tool can help you to fix the Android operating system in a wide range of scenarios.
• It is compatible with all Vivo Y100t devices.
• There is no need for technical skills to use the software.
• The software comes with a high success rate for fixing the Android system.
• It provides easy steps to resolve Android issues.

3981454 people have downloaded it

To learn how to fix home button not working problem, download and install the Dr.Fone - System Repair (Android) software on your computer, follow the below step-by-step guide:

Step 1: To begin with the process, launch the software on your computer and select the “System Repair” option from the software main window.

Jet Profiler for MySQL, Enterprise Version： Jet Profiler for MySQL is real-time query performance and diagnostics tool for the MySQL database server. Its detailed query information, graphical interface and ease of use makes this a great tool for finding performance bottlenecks in your MySQL databases.

Step 2: Thereafter, connect your Vivo Y100t to the computer using a USB cable and select the “Android Repair” tab from the left menu.

Glarysoft File Recovery Pro - Helps to recover your lost file/data, even permanently deleted data.

Step 3: Next, you will navigate to a device information page where you have to provide your device information.

Step 4: After that, the software will download the appropriate firmware to repair your Android system.

Step 5: After downloading the firmware, the software will start the repair process. Wait for a few seconds, the problem should get fixed and your phone will get back to its normal state.

1.2 Force Restart your Android

Whenever you encounter with Android virtual soft keys, not working problem, the first thing you should try is to force restart your phone . If the problem is due to a software issue, then it can be probably fixed by simply force restarting your Android.

Here are simple steps on how to force restart on Android:

Step 1: To begin with, press and hold the power button and either volume up or down button at the same time until your device screen goes off.

Step 2: Next, press the power button for a few moments to force restart your device.

Jutoh is an ebook creator for Epub, Kindle and more. It’s fast, runs on Windows, Mac, and Linux, comes with a cover design editor, and allows book variations to be created with alternate text, style sheets and cover designs.

1.3 Restore Factory Settings

If force restarting won’t help you to fix the problem you are facing, it’s time to reset your Vivo Y100t to factory settings. The factory reset on an Android device will erase all of your phone settings, third-party apps, user data, and other app data to restore your device to its original manufacturer condition or settings. It means that this can bring back your device to its normal state.

To learn how to restore factory settings, follow the below steps:

Step 1: Go to your ‘Settings” and then, go to “System”>” Advanced”>” Reset options”.

Step 2: Next, tap on “Erase all data”>” Reset phone” to factory reset on your phone. Here, you may need to enter the password or pin or pattern.

Once you are done with the above steps, restart your phone and restore your data and this might be fixed the problem for you. If not, then try the next solution.

LYRX is an easy-to-use karaoke software with the professional features karaoke hosts need to perform with precision. LYRX is karaoke show hosting software that supports all standard karaoke file types as well as HD video formats, and it’s truly fun to use.
LYRX Karaoke Software MAC/WINDOWS (Includes Activation For 3 Machines)

1.4 Update Android Firmware

It might be the case that your Android firmware is not updated and that’s why you are experiencing the home button not working Android problem. Sometimes, not updating your Android firmware can cause various issues and problems while using your device. So, you should update it, and here are steps on how to do it:

Step 1: Open the Settings and then, go to “About device”. Next, click “System updates”.

Step 2: After that, click “Check for updates” and if updates are available, then download and install it to update your Android version.

Part 2: What if the Home Button fails due to hardware reasons?

When your Android home and back button not working because of hardware reasons, you can’t get the problem resolved by simply rebooting your device. In such cases, you have to use alternative apps to replace the home button.

2.1 Simple Control app

The Simple Control app is the first and foremost solution to fix the Android home button not working issue. With the help of this app, you can fix many soft keys of your device. It is specially designed for Android users facing trouble using home, volume, back, and camera buttons. Plus, the app utilizes Accessibility service, but it doesn’t get access to your sensitive and personal information.

/a>

URL: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=ace.jun.simplecontrol&hl=en_US

2.2 Button Savior app

Button Savior app is one of the ultimate apps that can help you to fix the Android home button not working problem with ease. For this app, root and no root versions are available on the Google Play store. To fix the Home button not working issue, no root version is the right one. But, if you want to fix the Back button or other buttons, then you need to go for the root version.

Pros:

• It comes with a root as well as no root version.
• The app is powerful enough to fix a wide range of buttons.
• It shows information regarding the date and time and battery.

Cons:

• The root version of the app can cause data loss.

URL: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.smart.swkey" target="_blank” rel=”nofollow

2.3 Navigation Bar (Back, Home, Recent Button) app

Navigation Bar app is another great solution to fix the home button not responding problem. It can replace broken and failed button for users who are facing difficulty using navigation bar panel or buttons not working properly. The app offers numerous features, and it is easy to use.

Software Update Pro - Check and update software installed on your computer.

Pros:

• It offers many colors to make an incredible navigation bar.
• The app provides 15 themes for customization.
• It comes with the ability to change the size of the navigation bar.

Cons:

• Sometimes, the navigation bar stopped working.
• It comes with ads.

URL: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=nu.nav.bar

EmEditor is a fast, lightweight, yet extensible, easy-to-use text editor, code editor, CSV editor, and large file viewer for Windows. Both native 64-bit and 32-bit builds are available, and moreover, the 64-bit includes separate builds for SSE2 (128-bit), AVX-2 (256-bit), and AVX-512 (512-bit) instruction sets. New versions support AI-assisted writing.

2.4 Home Button app

Home button app is another remarkable solution to replace broken and failed home buttons for users having trouble while using buttons. With this app, it is quite easy to press or even long press on the home button as assistive touch.

Pros:

• You can change the button of color using the app.
• With the help of it, you can set a vibrate setting on touch.
• It provides support for many press actions, such as home, back, power menu, etc.

Cons:

• It doesn’t come with a lot of features, unlike other apps.
• Sometimes, it shuts down automatically.

URL: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=nu.home.button

2.5 Multi-action Home Button app

Is your Android physical home button is broken or dead? If yes, then the Multi-action Home Button app can help you to fix it with ease. With the help of it, you can create a button in centre-bottom of your device screen, and you can also add numerous actions to that button.

Pros:

• It provides various actions with the button.
• It is very simple and easy to use.

Cons:

• The app’s very useful feature comes with its pro version.

URL: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.home.button.bottom

Click here

Hopefully, the methods covered in this post helps you to fix Android home and back button not working problem for you. If it is a system issue, then the best thing you can do is to take advantage of Dr.Fone - System Repair (Android) software. It can surely help you to fix your Android system to normal within a few minutes.